Treatment of multiple sclerosis during pregnancy - safety considerations.
Thone J, Thiel S, Gold R, Hellwig K.
A well-reviewed , of safety assessment of multiple
sclerosis during pregnancy.
Abstract
Introduction: Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are
treated early in the disease course with disease modifying therapies (DMT).
Updated information is needed on pregnancy outcomes of DMT-exposed pregnancies
and the effect of the drug withdrawal on MS disease activity.
Areas covered: In this review, we will cover the most
important updated management strategies in planning a pregnancy when having MS.
SHUTTERSTOCK |
Expert opinion: MS itself does not increase the risk
of adverse pregnancy outcomes and does not negatively influence the long-term
course of the disease. As MS became a treatable disease, management of DMTs
before, during and after pregnancy is important. This requires updated
knowledge on safety of DMTs as well as data of the effect on disease activity
after drug withdrawal. A special challenge is the handling of women with highly
active MS, as pregnancy might not be powerful enough to suppress the risk of
rebound relapses. Exclusive breastfeeding is an option for many women who want
to do so, but in cases of high disease activity and those women who do not want
to breastfeed, early reintroduction of MS therapies should be considered.
Article Highlights by the authors
- Pregnancies do not worsen the long term course of the disease and accumulation of disability but may even show protective effects against disability accrual.
- Clinical management should be individualized to optimize both pregnancy outcome and MS disease course.
- So far we have robust data that IFN-β and GLAT do not have to be withdrawn before pregnancy.
- In cases of high disease activity depleting antibodies or the continuation of NTZ during pregnancy is a potential option.
- Exclusive breastfeeding may be beneficial in women with mild/moderate disease. In women with highly active foregoing nursing and resuming medications as soon as possible may be necessary.
- Given the unknown risks associated with DMT-exposure in utero, establishment of pregnancy registries, ideally with prospective enrollment, is essential.
“Women
with MS are not discouraged from to get pregnant anymore “
Table 1: actually available data for DMT use during pregnancy and recommendations for
management strategies before and during pregnancy
- no data available
SA spontaneous abortion
CA congenital abnormality
Table 2: actually available data for DMT use during lactation and
recommendations for management strategies in the postpartum period
-no data available |
Tratamiento de la Esclerosis Múltiple durante el embarazo - consideraciones de seguridad
Thone J, Thiel S, Gold R, Hellwig K.
Abstract
Introducción: Las mujeres con Esclerosis Múltiple
(EM) son tratadas tempranamente en el curso de la enfermedad con terapias
modificadoras de la enfermedad (DMT). Se necesita información actualizada sobre
los resultados del embarazo de los embarazos expuestos al DMT y el efecto de la
retirada del fármaco sobre la actividad de la enfermedad de la EM.
Áreas cubiertas: En esta revisión, cubriremos las
estrategias de manejo actualizadas más importantes en la planificación de un
embarazo al tener EM.
Opinión de los expertos: La propia EM no aumenta el
riesgo de resultados adversos del embarazo y no influye negativamente en el
curso de la enfermedad a largo plazo. Como la EM se convirtió en una enfermedad
tratable, el manejo de DMT antes, durante y después del embarazo es importante.
Esto requiere conocimientos actualizados sobre la seguridad de los DMT así como
datos del efecto sobre la actividad de la enfermedad después del retiro del fármaco. Un desafío especial es el manejo
de las mujeres con EM altamente activa, ya que el embarazo podría no ser lo
suficientemente potente como para suprimir el riesgo de recaídas de rebote. La
lactancia materna exclusiva es una opción para muchas mujeres que quieren
hacerlo, pero en casos de alta actividad de la enfermedad y aquellas mujeres
que no quieren amamantar, se debe considerar la reintroducción temprana de las
terapias DMT en EM.
Comentarios de los autores :
"Las mujeres con EM no se desaniman
actualmente para quedar embarazadas"
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